Transportation

This is part of a series of posts from MIT students and alumni who were involved in the 2012 Student/Alumni Externship Program, which connected current students to alumni in workplaces worldwide during MIT ‘s Independent Activities Period. Alumni, learn how to get involved.

Guest bloggers: Moji Jimoh ’12 and Christine Sowa  ’14
Host: Mark Magnussen SM ’67

Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (or WMATA for short) prides itself on being “The Best Ride in America.” They are the organization responsible for the DC metropolitan transit system, which includes MetroRail, MetroBus, and MetroAccess (service for the people with disabilities). We have spent the past three weeks externing in Cheverly, Maryland, working with the Program Bus One Projects Office (PRGM), which handles the repair and maintenance of bus facilities. There are 11 facilities under their authority, located within and around the city. The PRGM handles numerous (over 70!) construction contracts to fix broken systems, upgrade personnel areas in facilities, install new systems, and more at the various sites. However, the most important fact about their work is that no facility is shut down while these projects are undertaken. And these are only the bus projects. A lot of diverse work goes into making the best ride in America.

Moji Jimoh '12 (left) and Christine Sowa '14 at their externship at the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority.

Moji Jimoh '12 (left) and Christine Sowa '14 at their externship at the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority.

This program is managed by Roy Noyes, who was originally a nuclear engineer like our sponsor, Mark Magnussen SM ’67. The program has three different types of people: construction engineers, construction inspection facilitators, and inspectors. The construction engineers are assigned to a couple of facilities based essentially on geographical location and number of projects; however, there is some overlap as this system is in the process of changing. The construction engineers (CE) are in charge of identifying and writing up proposals of work that a facility may need and verifying that the construction designs, work plans, etc. that contractors have submitted are addressing the problems that were identified. Construction inspection facilitators (CIF) are also assigned to several work sites. The CIF’s job is to work with construction contractors to develop a construction schedule and with WMATA offices to get appropriate forms reviewed and approved for the scheduled work. Inspectors are assigned to a specific site and keep track of all the details of the construction projects there.

So what do we externs do? Well I’ve (Moji) attended preconstruction meetings for new projects, weekly safety meetings for projects in Maryland, Virginia, or DC, and construction site walk throughs. I’ve also helped to prepare estimates for new project proposals and worked with contractors to get more information for WMATA. While we’re based just outside DC, we travel with the CIFs and CEs to sites, driving rather than using the system because we may have a meeting in Virginia followed by a meeting in northern DC. Mostly we’ve gotten a glimpse of the work that’s done because there’s so much going on and some of it started long before we arrived or perhaps will start long after we leave, but it’s been a great four weeks interacting with the staff of the PRGM at WMATA. (I think WMATA loves acronyms more than MIT does!)

Every day is a new adventure at WMATA—so far, I’ve (Christine) been to three different bus facilities. Upon arrival, I tour the buildings and then sit in on preconstruction meetings for different projects. What shocks me the most is the seemingly mundane issues that come up in these meetings that are vital to the project. Things like the types of vests the construction workers wear wouldn’t even cross my mind, but to the federal government, they are extremely important.

So much work goes into a single project—from estimates and transmittals to safety meetings and federal funding. Externing at WMATA has given me a glimpse into the world of public transportation in one of the biggest cities in America.

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Looking for a parking space in a major city can make public transportation very appealing. The biggest urban driving hassles usually come not with driving itself, but with the stopping, turning, parallel parking, and the can-I-fit-in-this-space challenges that arise when you’ve reached your destination.

Enter the Hiriko (the Basque word for “urban”), a new compact vehicle designed by the MIT Media Lab whose first fleet of 20 vehicles will debut in Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain, in 2013.

From the New York Times:

The pod-like electric vehicle, whose battery pack would be leased, is a two-seater with 4-wheel drive and a range in excess of 100 kilometers, or about 60 miles. Because its wheelbase can collapse, a single parking space can accommodate three vehicles. Driver and passenger enter through a windshield that swings upward.

Instead of a single electric engine, each wheel has an independent dedicated engine, which allows for an amazing degree in control in suspension, steering, and turning. Smaller than a Smart Car, the Hiriko spins and rotates on its axis, a technique that MIT researchers call an “O-turn.” It also moves sideways, making parallel parking obsolete.

Professor Kent Larson leads the car’s Media Lab researcher team. A production model was unveiled before the European Union Commission in Brussels last week. In addition to Spain, future trials are planned in Boston, San Francisco, Berlin, Hong Kong, and Malmo, Sweden. Similar to ZipCar in the United States, the cars will be shared by users who will have access for a few hours at a time. Cars may be sold to individuals in the future, with cost estimates currently ranging around $16,000.

In addition to the Hiriko, a Media Lab team led by doctoral candidates Ryan Chin and William Lark has also created a three-wheel electric vehicle prototype that can function as a bicycle and meets all European bike-lane regulations.

For more information and video on Hiriko (formerly the MIT CityCar), visit the “Changing Places” section on the Media Lab site.

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Photo Credit: Stephan Boyer, Double Dispatch blog

Recent data shows that thousands of commuters in Boston-Cambridge area ride their bicycle to work, with ridership more the doubling since 2007. But unicycle ridership? Not current data exists.

Meet Stephan Boyer, a third-year student in the School of Engineering who has created The Bullet, a sort of unicycle-meets-Segway device that can hit 15 miles per hour and can travel for five miles on a single charge.

The Bullet, an electric unicycle with a safety kill switch, does some self-balancing, with components that help prevent the device from falling forward or backward (good luck if you’re falling left or right!). Boyer uses the Bullet to travel around campus, even relying on semantics to travel inside.

Boyer writes on his Double Dispatch blog:

“Bullet is the primary way I navigate MIT and the surrounding Cambridge area. I often zoom past students, faculty, custodians, and tourists, with generally positive reactions from everyone. I’ve been told one can be fined for riding a scooter in the Infinite Corridor. Fortunately, Bullet ain’t no scooter.”

Boyer currently has no plan to market the Bullet for commercial use, but estimates the device cost only a few hundred dollars to build. Boyer (and Slice) urges caution to any burgeoning uni-enthusiasts and likens navigating the Bullet to learning to ride a bike with no hands.

“Unfortunately, one cannot simply pick up a self-balancing unicycle and ride it with ease. It took me several hours to be able to ride in a straight line without crashing, and it took several days to learn how to turn in a controlled manner. Many of my friends have tried riding it, usually with little success (including some actual unicyclers).”

For more information on how the Bullet was assembled, including its kit list and software, and some helpful riding tips, visit Boyer’s Double Dispatch blog entry.

Editor’s note: In honor of MIT’s Independent Activities Period (IAP) in January, Slice is focusing on activities you can do yourself and on the experiences of students serving this month as externs with alumni in their workplaces. Stay tuned!

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For the last couple years, Amy Qian ’11 has been making things–go-karts, unicycles, brass mobius strips–and posting videos of her progress online at http://amymakesstuff.com. Qian, who recently earned her degree in mechanical engineering, clearly loves to create. Check out her latest project in the video below:

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Flying humvee is next for Terrafugia.

Flying Humvee is next for Terrafugia.

Terrafugia, the alumni-led company that developed the exciting flying car, is now working with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on a $65 million program to develop a new four-person flyable and roadable vehicle. It’s been dubbed a flying Humvee.

The flying car, developed by a group of aero-astro students in 2005, is officially called the Transition® Roadable Aircraft. The prototype took its first test flight in 2009 and now you can buy one from the Woburn-based startup—if you have a spare $200,000.

The new vehicle, known as the Transformer or TX, would function like a Humvee on the ground while also providing helicopter-like mobility. The DARPA announcement says this is the plan:

“Intended missions include medical evacuation, avoidance of improvised explosive devices, remote resupply, and Special Forces insertion. The vehicle will be able to travel 280 miles by land and air, using vertical take-off and landing to increase access to difficult terrain, and automating flight controls to enable operation by non-pilots.”

A Transformer prototype is expected to roll and fly in 2015. Terrafugia, Inc., led by CEO Carl Dietrich ’99, SM ’03, PhD ’07, is the largest subcontractor to one of two winning teams, led by AAI Corporation and comprised of other Textron companies.

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Tom Imrich, left, will test pilot a new Boeing aircraft.

Tom Imrich, left, will testpilot a new Boeing aircraft.

Tom Imrich’69, SM ’71 graced the December cover of Boeing’s house magazine, Frontiers, as a copilot for a new aircraft, the 747-8 Freighter. Imrich, a senior test pilot, will begin flying the 747  in 2010 as part of a massive test flight operation also involving the 787 Dreamliner and, with the U.S. Navy, a new P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol and surveillance aircraft.

Being a test pilot at Boeing means working with engineers throughout the design development. “A first flight will always be interesting and exciting,” but not exciting in a dangerous sense,  Imrich told Frontiers. “It’s very rare and few and far between that you find something that doesn’t go as planned.”

Find out more in an alumni profile about Imrich’s career and how he got involved in the Aeronautics and Astronautics Department at MIT.

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The formation of a phantom traffic jam.

The formation of a phantom traffic jam.

The most frustrating sort of traffic jam may be the one that has, apparently, no cause. Think road rage with no one to blame.

MIT mathematicians have been working on the problem. No, they didn’t find someone to blame. Instead, they have developed a model that describes the circumstances that prompt such jams to form. This model could help road designers minimize the odds of their formation. The model can also help determine safe speed limits and identify stretches of road where high densities of traffic—hot spots for accidents—are likely to form

The mathematics of such jams, which the researchers call “jamitons,” are strikingly similar to the equations that describe detonation waves produced by explosions, says Aslan Kasimov, lecturer in MIT’s Department of Mathematics. The equations, similar to those used to describe fluid mechanics, model traffic jams as a self-sustaining wave.

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Ikanos Power, from the University of Michigan, was one of the semifinalist teams in the Clean Energy Competition. Photo: Liv Gold

Ikanos Power, from the University of Michigan, was one of the semifinalist teams in the Clean Energy Competition. Photo: Liv Gold

Yesterday afternoon, over 25 semifinalist teams in the MIT Clean Energy Prize competition crammed into a conference room in the Sheraton Boston for an afternoon of judging and  exhibition.

The event, which is sponsored by NSTAR and the US Department of Energy, is a business plan competition that is open to full time students in the US. Over $500,000 in cash and other prizes are to be awarded to the grand prize winning team and to category winners. The five winners announced yesterday will proceed to the grand prize judging. By category, they are:

1. Biomass
Husk Insulation, from the University of Michigan: Agricultural waste to thin high-grade insulation

2. Clean hydrocarbons
Produced Water Purifiers, from MIT: Polymer super-adsorbent technology for petroleum collection

3. Energy Efficiency and Infrastructure
Troy Research Corporation, from RPI: Deep ultraviolet solid state lighting

4. Renewables
Heliotrope Solar, from MIT and Yale: Low-cost non-mechanical solar tracking

5. Transportation
Levant Power, from MIT: Innovative regenerative suspension system for improved vehicle fuel economy and handling

Congratulations to the finalists! Catch the grand prize announcement on May 12th at 2:00pm at the Wong Auditorium, Building E51, MIT (70 Memorial Drive, Cambridge MA).

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A Transition.  And in the crisp, early-morning air on March 5th, it made its first flight over a long runway at the Plattsburgh International Airport in New York, looking like a cross between a VW bug and a puddle jumper.

Transition, Photo: Terrafugia

Transition, Photo: Terrafugia

Transition, the “roadable aircraft,” was designed by MIT alum Carl Dietrich’s company, Terrafugia. The first flight lasted 37 seconds and covered about 3000 feet, according to a press release. Retired Air Force colonel Phil Meteer piloted the plane.

“It was apparent to me from the moment of takeoff that I had control of a very stable aircraft,” Meteer reportedly said at a March 18th press conference. “I had a test plan…and after a minute I realized my daughter could do this, it was fun, anyone could do it.”

Delivery of the first $194,000 vehicle is scheduled for 2011, however 40 people have already put down $10,000 deposits to hold their place.

Transition by the numbers:

  • MPH on road: 65
  • MPH in air: 115
  • MPG: 30
  • Amount of time it takes for Tranisition to convert from flight to road configurations: 30 seconds
  • Number of MIT degrees obtained by Terrafugia founder, Carl Dietrich: 3*

*’99, SM ’03, PhD ’07—all degrees are in Aero & Astro

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On Friday afternoon the MIT Solar Electric Vehicle Team came together to unveil Eleanor, the group’s newest upright-seating, solar-electric car.

Having never seen a solar car in person, I was completely taken by it. Imagine a stingray that has been bred with the mother of all Apple iPods, and you’re starting to get it. Sleek, flat, otherwordly. It was incredible.

Eleanor

After hearing from a few students and faculty, the team lifted off Eleanor’s top cover and showed us her electrical innards.

Eleanor with top off

I talked to one graduate student, Robert Pilawa, who has worked on the car’s electrical components—in his spare time, which raises an interesting point: For the most part, Eleanor was built in the students’ spare time. For that reason, Pilawa said that the hardest part of a project like this one was making time to work on it.

“Students are incredibly busy, so they can work hard for awhile, and then academics come in. Work goes in bursts and varies by team member,” he said.

This fall Eleanor will head cross country and then be flown to Australia to take place in the World Solar Challenge.

Learn more about the World Solar Challenge.

Learn more about Eleanor.

Watch a quick video that shows the team moving the top of the car and gives a glimpse of what’s under the hood.

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