June 2011

MIThenge photographed in 2009; courtesy Wikipedia.

MIThenge photographed in 2009; courtesy Wikipedia.

As sun worshipers come out in northern climes, Slice is mulling a venerable sun ritual we can look forward to in the cold months—MIThenge. The twice annual event—mid-November and late January—is now a campus tradition, but it was only discovered, calculated, and publicized in 1975-76. And the discovery came from the architecture department.

Want to see MIThenge—the two-minute phenomenon that floods sunlight down 825 feet of the Infinite Corridor? Watch a short video.

A Sky and Telescope article traces the origins of MIThenge to the fall of 1975 when then architecture research affiliate Tom Norton heard comments about how sunlight occasionally flooded the Infinite Corridor. Curious about how far the sunlight could reach, he worked with two colleagues, Timothy E. Johnson and Sean Wellesley-Miller, who made the calculations a project in an architecture class. Several students found that a solar alignment occurred twice a year. Norton decided to publicize the event and created a poster that reported the phenomenon and included the student calculations and photography pioneer/MIT professor Doc Edgerton’s silhouette of Stonehenge. “MIThenge” was born when Norton plastered posters all over campus just before the next sighting in January 1976. Ever since, students have crowded the optimal viewing area—third floor of Building 8, looking west—twice a year.

That was not the end of the calculations, however. When Ken Olum PhD ’97, now a research professor at Tufts Institute of Cosmology, was working in his graduate degree, he saw the poster and noticed a problem with the numbers. He found an error in “rounding the azimuth to the nearest degree and having the corridor slant upward an unrealistic amount,” the article reported. His response was a new calculation that he posted in 1997 with predicted dates through 2100. Although there are caveats about those calculations, you can find the dates in the MIThenge website.

Learn more in the Sky & Telescope article—and mark the date for the next MIThenge.

 

 

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MIT President Susan Hockfield Credit: http://ocw.mit.edu

MIT President Susan Hockfield has long demonstrated an interest in spurring innovation, not just at the Institute but in U.S. manufacturing as well. Now she’s well-poised to act on her interest. President Obama asked Hockfield to co-chair the administration’s new Advanced Manufacturing Partnership (AMP), and Hockfield accepted.

According to the White House, AMP aims to unite the federal government, industry, and universities to identify and invest in key emerging technologies. More than $500 million is being poured into the partnership, which Obama in a press release said would “spark a renaissance in American manufacturing and help our manufacturers develop the cutting-edge tools they need to compete with anyone in the world.”

Hockfield told the MIT News Office that U.S. research universities have played a key role in the nation’s innovation economy.

The longstanding relationships that make this innovation model run—between universities and government, and universities and corporations—remain tremendously productive and important. But as the economy tells us every day, ‘business as usual’ is not enough anymore. America’s remarkably effective model of innovation-based economic growth is now being copied and aggressively invested in by nations around the globe.

To start, AMP will be focusing on building domestic manufacturing capabilities in national security industries, reducing the time required to develop and deploy advanced materials, investing in next-generation robotics, and developing innovative energy-efficient manufacturing processes.

Links:

Advanced Manufacturing Partnership Press Release

Focus on Innovation: MIT Roundtable

 

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Besides her day job as a biological engineering postdoc at MIT, Juliana M. Chan PhD ’10 has another mission—informing the world about Asian research and scientists. Her vehicle is an online magazine, Asian Scientist, which serves the scientific community from China to India to New Zealand. And there are MIT fingerprints all over it.

Read Dr. David Ho's interview in Asian Scientist magazine.

Read Dr. David Ho's interview in Asian Scientist.

Earlier this month, Steven Mo ’10 interviewed Dr. David Ho, a pioneer in AIDS research for three decades and an alumnus of the MIT Health, Science, and Technology program. Professor Ho is pursuing multiple vaccine strategies, including two candidates in clinical trials.

In May, Chan interviewed Joi Ito, the newly appointed MIT Media Lab executive director on his move from serial Internet innovator to head of an unusual, albeit academic, enterprise that blends arts and sciences. Find out how he plans to incorporate his Japanese heritage and wide-ranging interests at the Media Lab.

Other articles look at China’s space mission, shark conservation, 15 Asian scientists to watch, favorite TED talks, and seven wacky research stories.

Chan’s day job is serious as well. She was lead author of a 2010 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences paper that described MIT-Harvard Medical School research that developed targeted nanoparticles that can cling to artery walls and slowly release medicine, an advance that may provide an alternative to drug-releasing stents.

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OCW’s Most Visited Course?

by Liv on June 27, 2011

in Learning

Here’s a hint: It’s not in Course 6.

According to OpenCourseWare, the most visited course based on traffic data from last month is a philosophy course called Problems in Philosophy. No need to be surprised: The popular course is taught by renowned philosopher and feminist Professor Sally Haslanger, and the department, though relatively small, in known for working at the intersection between philosophy, mathematics, and linguistics.

Take a look the rest of the list, and, if any courses stand out, consider taking one and engaging in a little DIY summer school.

24.00 Problems of Philosophy Fall 2005
6.00 Introduction to Computer Science Fall 2008
18.06 Linear Algebra Spring 2010
8.01 Physics I: Classical Mechanics Fall 1999
18.01 Single Variable Calculus Fall 2006
8.02 Electricity and Magnetism Spring 2002
6.046J Introduction to Algorithms (SMA 5503) Fall 2005
6.002 Circuits and Electronics Spring 2007
18.03 Differential Equations Spring 2010
18.02 Multivariable Calculus Fall 2007

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Tea pour in Algeria (© Owen Franken).

Curious about Owen Franken? View more of his work via the Franken Photo of the Week category, learn more in this profile, read a What Matters opinion column he wrote called “Life in Brownian Motion,” or visit his Web site.

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As part of their life sciences series, the MIT Club of Northern California recently hosted an event with Dr. Robert Lustig ’77, professor of clinical pediatrics at the University of California. Lustig discussed obesity issues in the US adult and pediatric populations, and talked about what current trends could mean for the future health and longevity of the nation’s children. He also shared research findings and challenged traditional thoughts about the causes of obesity. Watch video of Lustig’s presentation on TechTV or below:

More on Robert Lustig*

Robert H. Lustig, M.D. is Professor of Clinical Pediatrics, in the Division of Endocrinology at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Lustig is a neuro-endocrinologist, with basic and clinical training relative to hypo-thalamic development, anatomy, and function. Dr. Lustig’s research focuses on the regulation of energy balance by the central nervous system. He is currently investigating the contribution of nutritional, neural,hormonal, and genetic influences in the expression of the current obesity epidemic both in children and adults. Dr. Lustig graduated from MIT in 1976, and received his M.D. from Cornell University Medical College in 1980. He is the author of many articles, chapters, and reviews on childhood obesity, including the recent volume “Obesity before birth”.

*Courtesy of MIT Club of Northern California

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MIT’s sesquicentennial touched off celebrations around the world, and Mouth of Wilson, Virginia was no exception. There, members of the MIT Club of the Blue Ridge gathered to officially dedicate Virginia’s highest peak to MIT founder William Barton Rogers. In addition to installing commemorative signage, club members celebrated a gubernatorial proclamation declaring June 11, 2011 to be William Barton Rogers Day.

Dedication Ceremony

Present during the dedication ceremony were some two dozen alumni and guests, including Club President Roger O’Dell ’68, Vice President Bob Summers MBA ’07, Jim Bier PhD ’71, and John Krout ’75, each of whom was instrumental in organizing the event. At the trailhead, Summers read portions of the governor’s proclamation, which acknowledged Rogers’s tenure at the College of William and Mary and the University of Virginia, as well as his appointment to be the first state geologist in 1835. The proclamation concluded:

William Barton Rogers used his novel educational theories to found a world-class institute of learning…that is unique in its far-reaching impact and success, and this year MIT celebrates the 150th anniversary of its founding… The highest peak in Virginia is named Mt. Rogers, a testament to the enduring vision of William Barton Rogers. Now, therefore I do hereby recognize June 11, 2011 as William Barton Rogers Day.

Members also heard a message from Virginia State Geologist David Spears, and Doug Ogle, a retired college teacher and writer, spoke about the legacy of William Barton Rogers–and his wife, Emma Savage Rogers–in the fields of geology, natural science, and higher education.

Barbecue and Hike

Following the ceremony, the club headed to a nearby picnic shelter for a barbecue. Talk ranged from former living groups–evidently several in attendance were proud Senior House alumni–to recent hiking trips and family histories. An oversized cutout of William Barton Rogers was propped up near the shelter along with informational brochures about him (written by Krout) and a framed copy of the governor’s proclamation. Later, some alumni and guests went for a walk to Rhododendron Gap, which was particularly stunning due to visits by the (somewhat) wild local ponies and the vibrancy of the rhododendron blooms at the peak of their season. On Sunday, several adventurous alumni hiked to the top of Mt. Rogers.

More about the Mountain

Mt. Rogers was formed by volcanos that were active about 760 million years ago during Late Proterozoic time. Evidence of the ancient volcanic activity is detectable in the mountain’s predominantly light-colored, fine-grained, high-silica rhyolite rocks. The 5,729-foot mountain also shows evidence of glaciers and glacial lakes. Diamictite, for example, is one particular rock that forms when mud and pebbles are dragged along the underside of a glacier; rhythmite forms from fine sediments deposited on a lake bottom. Since 1975, the mountain has been home to grazing wild ponies and the northernmost example of high-altitude southern spruce-fir forest.

Links

Special thanks to the MIT Club of the Blue Ridge for bringing together alumni and guests to celebrate MIT’s sesquicentennial and honor the great contributions of founder William Barton Rogers.

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For the last few days, Huffington Post writer Matthew Dakotah has been profiling women in power, and today he wrote about MIT president and neuroscientist, Susan Hockfield. His piece begins with a quote by Hockfield:

“It is very clear to me–and I wish it were clear to everyone else–that the reason I am president of MIT right now is because of decades of very hard work by generations of women before me,” Susan Hockfield says. “The first woman graduated from MIT in 1873 and it officially became a coeducational institution in 1883, so there have been women on our campus for a very long time.” And that long progression is punctuated by Hockfield, who took the helm of the innovation powerhouse in 2004–the first woman to do so since MIT’s founding 143 years earlier.

Read the rest of the profile, titled, Women In Power: Susan Hockfield, MIT President, on Women in Science, Revolutionary Technologies, Why U.S. Policies Must Change.

Other pieces in Dakotah’s series:

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Guest Blogger: Greg Tao ’10, graduate student, Department of Mechanical Engineering

For those who don’t know know me or a lot about our project, my name is Greg Tao, and over the last six months I have been developing a low-cost autoclave [sterilizing instrument] for middle income clinics of the developing world.

I am pursuing a master’s degree from MIT’s mechanical engineering department and am working closely with two Nepali students, Pramod Kandel ’14 and Shambhu Koirala ’14, as well as Sue Cho, another mechanical engineering master’s student.  We have used their network of family and friends to identify 16 clinics within Nepal that have committed to using our autoclave.  We have designed, fabricated, and shipped all the autoclaves in our luggage and will be traveling around Nepal for the next 10 weeks, seeding the autoclaves in rural health clinics.

With that, I’d like to take you through my first day in Nepal.

Pramod and Shambhu picked me up from the airport on Sunday (June 12th).  We were continuously accosted in the parking lot for money as we walked through the parking lot searching for a good deal on a taxi.  We finally found a fair deal loaded in all the bags.  As we took off one particularly persistent beggar kept walking along side the moving taxi hoping for a handout.

After dropping the bags off at the hotel, we hit the streets for some food.  The streets near the hotel are very busy and crowded.  We walked for about 10 minutes and dropped into a hole in the wall restaurant on a side street after meeting one of Shambhu’s friends.  I got to try momo for the first time, which is the equivalent of Nepali fast food. They are essentially vegetable, chicken, or beef dumplings that come fried, steamed, or swimming in a chili sauce.

We headed to see the tourist sites around the city after lunch.  Below are a couple pictures from the adventure.

Typical side street in downtown Kathmandu. Credit: Greg Tao

Shambhu and Pramod touring around Basantapur, a famous tourist area and hangout in Kathamndu. Credit: Greg Tao

After a long day of touring, we finally settled into the hotel.

Pramod and Shambhu watching TV in the hotel. Credit: Greg Tao

We’ll post more as the adventure continues. With that I will leave you with the Nepali salutation Namaste, which is used for almost all formal greetings and goodbyes.

Namaste,

Greg

Follow Tao’s travels in Nepal at his blog: http://mitautoclave.wordpress.com/blog/

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Guest Blogger: Christine Tempesta, MIT Alumni Association

The Lins, left, helped two Chinese school teams come to EurekaFest at MIT.

Lins, left, and their son Stephen pose with the Beijing No. 4 Team at EurekaFest at MIT.

A few years ago, Rossana Lin ’87, Educational Council (EC) regional chair for Beijing, got a note in the mail from EC Director Kim Hunter ’86. The note included a brochure about the Lemelson-MIT InvenTeams program. Interested in educational innovation and invention, Rossana and her husband David Lin ’87 talked about how they might introduce the concept to schools where they live in Beijing.

The initial efforts met with some resistance. “The focus on exams and traditional learning is so strong,” said Rossana, “that school leaders sometimes suppress innovation and creativity. We were looking for a principal and teachers who were willing to try a program that was outside the norm.”

The Lins found two willing schools—Beijing No. 4 High School in Beijing and Shenzhen Middle School, a provincial high school a day’s trip from the capital. David accompanied five teachers from the two schools to last year’s Lemelson-MIT EurekaFest, a multi-day celebration of invention on MIT’s campus. They also attended the Science and Engineering Program for Teachers (SEPT), a week-long program designed to show teachers the latest developments in biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, technology, and engineering and spark a lifelong interest in science among their students. The teachers returned to China with the motivation to try invention with their students and create InvenTeams to participate in EurekaFest.

And they did. At this year’s EurekaFest, June 16-18, the two teams were eager to describe their inventions. Students from Beijing No. 4 demonstrated their earthquake resistant student desk, which can transform into a student shelter at the touch of a button when an earthquake hits. Their team was sponsored by Microsoft Asia-Pacific Research and Development Group, where David Lin works as director of operations. The team from Shenzhen, sponsored by Tencent, presented their taxi cab dispatching system that uses GPS and Google maps to locate and match a customer and the nearest taxi. This team benefited from Rossana’s network of educational counselors. Kent Xu MBA ’08 and Zhenwei Zhao SM ’02 supported the team as mentors, with Zhao driving over an hour for the team’s weekly meetings.

“The participation of international schools adds a great deal to the EurekaFest and the InvenTeams program,” said Joshua Schuler SM ’00, executive director of the Lemelson-MIT program. “We are excited by the Lins engagement, and we’re hoping that their initiative will be a model for other international alumni.” In addition to the Chinese teams, 13 U.S. schools participated in EurekaFest, presenting inventions that ranged from a pressure-sensitive grip for writing utensils to a solar-powered oil recovery center that collects and cleans waste kitchen oil.

So what really motivated the Lins to dedicate so much time to developing the InvenTeams?

“I think as an MIT alum I have a certain sense of idealism,” said Rossana. “I saw that there was a problem in developing innovation and invention creativity among Chinese students, and seeing a problem, I just wanted to tackle it.”

David agrees. “Solving problems and wanting to have an impact on the world is just part of the DNA of an MIT alumnus.” Not surprisingly, the Lin’s have passed on some of that DNA to their oldest son Caleb, who was recently admitted to MIT.

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